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Ingabe i-304 insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe?
Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ezinye izinto zensimbi engagqwali zinamathela kozibuthe, kuyilapho ezinye zingakwenzi? Hhayi-ke, uma ufuna ukwazi ngezici kazibuthe zensimbi engagqwali, uze endaweni efanele. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi ingabe i-304 insimbi engagqwali, enye yama-alloys ensimbi engagqwali edume kakhulu, ingakazibuthe noma cha. Ngakho-ke ake siqale futhi sembule imfihlakalo engemuva kokuheha kazibuthe kwensimbi engagqwali!
Ngakho ingabe i-304 insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe?
Impendulo iwukuthi i-No. 304 insimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengengeyona i-magnetic. Kodwa-ke, ingase ibe yizibuthe kancane uma ibanda.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-microstructure yayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza okubandayo, okungangenisa amaphutha nokuhlanekezela okungabangela impahla ukuthi ibonise izakhiwo kazibuthe. Ukwengeza, ukwethulwa kwe-martensite, isigaba samagnetic, kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza okubandayo. Le miphumela ngokuvamile mincane futhi ayinawo umthelela ophawulekayo kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezingezona uzibuthe ze-304 steel stainless. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela la mandla okwenza uzibuthe uma usebenzisa insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ezinhlelweni lapho izakhiwo kazibuthe zingase zibe ukukhathazeka.
Lesi sihloko sizoqhubeka nokudingida lo mbuzo kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Okuqukethwe
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinto ze-ferromagnetic nezingezona i-ferromagnetic?
Uma kukhulunywa ngezinto zikazibuthe, kunezigaba ezimbili ezibanzi: i-ferromagnetic ne-non-ferromagnetic. Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic yilezo ezikhangwa kakhulu uzibuthe futhi zingazibuthe unomphela ngokwazo, njenge-iron, nickel, ne-cobalt.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezingezona i-ferromagnetic zikhangwa uzibuthe futhi azigcini noma yikuphi ukuzibuthe okuhlala njalo, njengethusi, i-aluminium, negolide.
Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwalokhu okubili kusekumisweni kwazo kwe-athomu. Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic zinelungiselelo eliyingqayizivele lama-electron adala izindawo ezincane kazibuthe ezizungeze i-athomu ngayinye. Lezi zindawo ngokuvamile ziqondiswe eziqondisweni ezingahleliwe, okuholela ekungabini kwayo yonke inkambu kazibuthe.
Kodwa-ke, lapho impahla ye-ferromagnetic ivezwa endaweni yamagnetic yangaphandle, izindawo zikazibuthe ezizungeze ama-athomu ziqondana futhi ziba namandla, okuholela kumagnetization.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezingezona i-ferromagnetic azinalo lolu hlelo oluyingqayizivele lwe-electron futhi azidali izizinda ezinamandla ezizungezile i-athomu ngayinye. Ngenxa yalokho, azibonisi izakhiwo ezinamandla kazibuthe futhi azikho izibuthe kalula.
Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-ferromagnetic nezingezona ze-ferromagnetic kubalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe zamadivayisi kagesi kuya ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kwezinto ezisezindaweni kazibuthe. Futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ezintweni zansuku zonke esizisebenzisayo, kusukela kozibuthe basefrijini kuya kumakhadi esikweletu.
Insimbi engagqwali iyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu, njengokumelana nokugqwala namandla aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, i-magnetism yensimbi engagqwali nayo ingadlala indima ekusebenzeni kwayo emisebenzini ehlukene.
Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengasembonini ye-aerospace, insimbi engagqwali engeyona uzibuthe iyakhethwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka kwemishini ebucayi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, embonini yezimoto, insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe isetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene, njengama-injection kaphethiloli nezinzwa.
I-magnetism yensimbi engagqwali ingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwayo. Insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe inzima kakhulu emshinini uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi engenazibuthe, njengoba ijwayele ukusebenza kanzima futhi idinga amasu okumaka akhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-magnetism yensimbi engagqwali nayo ingathinta ukushisela kwayo. Insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe ingaba nakho ukuvunguza kwe-arc kazibuthe ngesikhathi sokushisela, okungabangela ukuthi i-arc iphambuke futhi kuholele ekushiseleni kwekhwalithi engeyinhle. Insimbi engagqwali engeyona uzibuthe ayinalo lolu daba futhi kulula ukuyishisela.
Sekukonke, i-magnetism yensimbi engagqwali ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Ukuqonda amandla kazibuthe ensimbi engagqwali nokukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuhle nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ngabe uzibuthe wensimbi engagqwali ukuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwawo ezinhlelweni ezahlukene?
Ingabe insimbi engagqwali engeyona uzibuthe ingaguqulwa ibe yinsimbi engagqwali kazibuthe?
Hhayi-ke, ingabe insimbi engagqwali engeyona uzibuthe ingaguqulwa ibe yinsimbi engagqwali kazibuthe? Kungumbuzo omuhle olokhu udida izingqondo eziningi ezifuna ukwazi laphaya. Asihlephule.
Okokuqala, ake sicacise ukuthi akuzona zonke insimbi engagqwali enozibuthe. Eqinisweni, izinhlobo eziningi zensimbi engagqwali azikho-magnetic ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo se-crystal. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezithile zensimbi engagqwali, njenge-austenitic, ezingaba kazibuthe kancane ngemva kokusebenza okubandayo.
Manje, ingabe insimbi engagqwali engeyona uzibuthe ingaguqulwa ibe yinsimbi engagqwali kazibuthe? Impendulo emfushane inguyebo, kungenzeka. Enye indlela yokwenza lokho iwukuveza insimbi engagqwali engeyona enozibuthe endaweni kazibuthe, engaqondanisa ama-athomu futhi ibangele uzibuthe. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-magnetization.
Enye indlela iwukushintsha ukwakheka kwensimbi engagqwali ngokwengeza izakhi ezifana ne-nickel noma i-manganese, engathuthukisa izici zayo kazibuthe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzothinta nezinye izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali, njengokumelana nokugqwala namandla.
Sengiphetha, nakuba kungenzeka ukuguqula insimbi engagqwali engeyona enozibuthe ibe yinsimbi engagqwali kazibuthe, kubalulekile ukucabangela umthelela wokuguqulwa okunjalo ekusebenzeni okuphelele nasezimpahleni zezinto ezibonakalayo. Njengezinto eziningi empilweni, konke kumayelana nokuthola ibhalansi efanele.
Insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ferritic stainless steel, inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile kazibuthe.
Enye yezinhlelo zayo ezivame kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zezimoto, njengamasistimu e-exhaust, ngoba imelana nokugqwala futhi ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe nayo isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zasendlini, njengeziqandisi neziwasha izitsha, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo nokumelana nokugqwala namabala.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engagqwali kazibuthe kusekukhiqizweni kwezinto zokwakha, njengokufulela kanye ne-siding, njengoba kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu futhi esezingeni eliphansi engakwazi ukumelana nezimo zezulu ezinzima. Ukwengeza, ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yezimboni, njengamathangi okugcina namapayipi, ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nezinto ezigqwalayo.
Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, insimbi engagqwali kazibuthe isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amathuluzi okuhlinza namazinyo ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuvala inzalo kalula. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokucubungula ukudla, njengoba ingasebenzi futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nama-ejenti okuhlanza aqinile.
Sekukonke, izici eziyingqayizivele kazibuthe zensimbi engagqwali ziyenza ibe yinto eguquguqukayo futhi ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene nasekusetshenzisweni.
Yiziphi ezinye izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zensimbi engagqwali kazibuthe?
Isiphetho
Isihloko sikazibuthe wensimbi engagqwali sihlolisiswe ngokujula, sihlanganisa imibuzo njengokuthi 304 insimbi engagqwali iyizibuthe, umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-ferromagnetic nezingezona i-ferromagnetic, kanye nomthelela kazibuthe ekusebenzeni kwensimbi engagqwali ezinhlelweni ezihlukene. Kwaxoxwa futhi ngokuthi kungenzeka ukuguqula insimbi engagqwali engeyona enozibuthe ibe kazibuthe, kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kwensimbi engagqwali kazibuthe.
Kafushane, kuyilapho ezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali ziwuzibuthe, ezinye zingezona, futhi izici kazibuthe zensimbi engagqwali zingaba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni kuya ekufakweni kwe-biomedical. Ukuqonda lezi zakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo kubalulekile kulabo abasemiphakathini yobunjiniyela, ezokukhiqiza, neyesayensi.
Xhumana nathi
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