Iyini insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic?

Insimbi engagqwali iyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi esiphenduke into esemqoka ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene kusukela kwezokwakha kuye kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Kodwa bewazi yini ukuthi akuzona zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici ezidalwe zilingana? Olunye uhlobo lugqama ngezici zalo ezihlukile nezindlela ezisetshenziswayo: insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola umehluko phakathi kwensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic nokunye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali, izinzuzo zayo kanye nebubi, nendlela yokushisela ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke hlala futhi ulungele ukufunda izakhiwo ezimangalisayo ze insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic.

Iyini insimbi engagqwali?

Insimbi engagqwali iyingxubevange equkethe okungenani i-chromium engu-10.5% ngobuningi, okuyinikeza izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele. I-Chromium yakha ungqimba oluncane lwe-oxide ebusweni bensimbi engagqwali, iyivikele ekugqwaleni futhi iyinikeze ukumelana nokungcoliswa, ukugqwala, nokushintsha kombala.

Kodwa kungani lokhu kubalulekile? Ukuqina kwensimbi engagqwali kuyenza ibe into efanelekile yokusebenza okuhlukahlukene lapho ukuhlanzeka nokuhlanzeka kubalulekile, njengezitshalo ezilungisa ukudla noma izibhedlela. Ukwengeza, ukubukeka okuhlanzekile nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali kuyenza idume kumiklamo yezakhiwo efana nezakhiwo zesimanje noma amabhuloho.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi engagqwali etholakalayo emakethe namuhla, enezingoma ezihlukene ezithinta ukusebenza kwazo kukonke. Ezinye izibonelo zihlanganisa insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic (okuvamile), insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic (esizogxila kuyo kamuva), insimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic, insimbi engagqwali e-duplex, kanye nensimbi engagqwali eqinile.

Ukuqonda ukwakheka kohlobo ngalunye lwensimbi engagqwali kungakusiza ukhethe into efanele ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kuyilapho uqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokwethembeka.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zensimbi Engagqwali

Ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina, kanye nobuhle, insimbi engagqwali iyimpahla esetshenziswa kakhulu nedumile etholakala ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali okuthinta ukusebenza kwayo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi engagqwali.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, oluqukethe amanani aphezulu we-nickel ne-chromium. Inamandla amahle kakhulu, ukuqina, kanye ne-ductility kodwa ingabiza.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Ferritic inokuqukethwe kwe-nickel okuphansi kunokuqukethwe kwe-austenitic kodwa okuphezulu kwe-chromium. Inguzibuthe futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kodwa ayiqinile njenge-austenitic.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Martensitic iqukethe okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu namanani amaphakathi e-nickel ne-chromium. Inamandla amakhulu kodwa ukumelana nokugqwala okuphansi.

I-Duplex insimbi engagqwali ine-microstructure exubile yezigaba ze-ferrite ne-austenite, ezinokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okuphezulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Banikeza amandla amahle kakhulu, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala ngezindleko ezifanele.

I-Precipitation-hardening (PH) insimbi engagqwali iqukethe ama-alloys akhethekile angenziwa lukhuni ngokwelashwa kokushisa ukuze kwandiswe amandla kuyilapho igcina ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle.

Kafushane, ukuqonda izinhlobo ezihlukene zensimbi engagqwali etholakalayo kubalulekile ukuze ukhethe into efanele ngokusekelwe ezimfuneko zakho zohlelo lokusebenza.

Iyini insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic?

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Ferritic iwuhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali ngokuyinhloko eyakhiwa i-chromium nenani elincane lekhabhoni nezinye izakhi. Inezakhiwo kazibuthe kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, okuyenza ifaneleke kahle izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njengemishini yokukhipha umoya wezimoto, izitsha zasekhishini, kanye nezingubo zokwakha.

Enye yezinzuzo zensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic ukumelana kwayo ne-oxidation esezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kuyenza ibe into efanelekile yezinhlelo zokusebenza okulindeleke ukuthi zivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, njengezinto zokupheka noma ohhavini bezimboni.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali njenge-austenitic noma i-martensitic insimbi engagqwali, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ferritic insimbi engagqwali kunenye inzuzo ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-nickel ephansi edingekayo ekukhiqizeni, okuholela ezindleko eziphansi. Lokhu kubenza bathengeke kakhulu ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza.

Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic nayo inobubi obuthile. Enye i-drawback enkulu ukuthi ayikwazi ukwenziwa lukhuni ngokwelashwa kokushisa, okukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezinhlelweni ezithile ezidinga amandla aphezulu.

Lapho ushisela insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, izidingo zokushisa kuqala kufanele zicatshangelwe, njengoba ukupholisa okusheshayo okuvela emazingeni okushisa okushisela kungase kubangele ukuqina.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Ferritic iyaqhubeka nokuduma ngenxa yokulinganisela phakathi kokusebenza nokufinyeleleka.

Izinzuzo kanye Nebubi be-Ferritic Stainless Steel

Insimbi engagqwali yeFerritic inezinzuzo eziningi, okuyenza ibe yintandokazi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Enye yezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko ukumelana nokugqwala kanye ne-oxidation yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezichayeke ezintweni ezigqwalayo.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic nayo inenzuzo yokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Iphinde ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle kazibuthe, eziyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo ezithile ezifana nemishini kagesi.

Kodwa-ke, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic nayo inobubi obuthile. Kungaba inselele ukushisela ngenxa yengozi yokuzwela nokuqhekeka. Ukwengeza, ukuqina kwalolu hlobo lwensimbi kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kunalolo lwe-austenitic steel, okwenza lungapheli ngaphansi kwezimo zokulayisha umthelela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic ingase ibe brittle emazingeni okushisa aphansi, iyenze ingakufanelekeli ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic inezinzuzo eziningi, ukuqonda ukulinganiselwa kwayo kubalulekile lapho ucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunoma yisiphi isicelo noma iphrojekthi edinga ukuqina nobuqotho besakhiwo.

Indlela yokushisela yeFerritic Stainless Steel

Ngenxa yokuthambekela kokuqhekeka kwensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic ngesikhathi sokushisela, ukushisela ngempumelelo le nto kuba inselele. Nawa amanye amathiphu okuthi ungashisela kanjani ngempumelelo insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic:

Okokuqala, ukushisa kuqala impahla ngaphambi kokushisela kubalulekile. Le nqubo isiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka ngokuqinisekisa ukupholisa kancane nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okushisayo ngemva kokushisela. Izinga lokushisa langaphambi kokushisa elidingekayo lincike kubukhulu kanye nebanga lezinto ezishiselwe.

Okwesibili, ukukhetha intambo efanele yokugcwalisa kubalulekile. Insimbi engagqwali ye-Ferritic inokuthambekela kokukhula okuphezulu okusanhlamvu, okuba nomthelela ongemuhle ezicini zayo zokusebenza. Ukusebenzisa izintambo zokugcwalisa ikhabhoni ephansi ezine-titanium noma i-niobium kungasiza ukwehlisa ukukhula okusanhlamvu futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokugqwala.

Okwesithathu, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokushisela, njengokulawula okokufaka ukushisa nokugwema izinga lokushisa elidlulele, kunganciphisa ukuwohloka.

Kuye ngokusetshenziswa noma izimo zokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezishiselwe ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemuva kwe-weld (PWHT) nakho kungadingeka.

Ukulungiswa okufanele ngaphambi kokushisela kuhlanganiswe nokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwensimbi yokugcwalisa kanye nokulawula ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela kuzoqinisekisa imiphumela ephumelelayo lapho usebenza ngezinto zensimbi ezingenasici ze-ferritic.

Isiphetho

Siyabonga ngokufunda isihloko sethu futhi sethemba ukuthi ingakusiza ukuba uqonde kangcono ukuthi iyini insimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic. Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nensimbi engagqwali ye-ferritic, singakucebisa ukuthi uvakashele I-Sino Stainless Steel.

Njengomphakeli ohamba phambili wemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali emhlabeni wonke, iSino Stainless Steel inikeza amakhasimende ethu ngekhwalithi ephezulu.  Ama-Engles Ensimbi Engagqwali, Iziteshi Zensimbi Engagqwali, 201 Stainless Steel Strip & 304 Stainless Steel Strip, 321 Engagqwali, 316 kanye 316L Stainless Steel, Amabha Ehexagon Ensimbi Engagqwali, Insimbi Engagqwali egoqelwe ngokushisayo, Amashidi Ensimbi Engagqwali anombala, Insimbi engagqwali AmaSpredishithi Anezimbobo, I-Precision Stainless Steel egoqelwe ebandayo, Insimbi Engagqwali, Futhi Izingcwecwe Zensimbi Engagqwali ngentengo yokuncintisana kakhulu.